| 沈荣开.土壤水资源及其计算方法浅议[J].水利学报,2008,39(12): |
| 土壤水资源及其计算方法浅议 |
| Investigation on conception and evaluation method of soil water resources |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 土壤水资源 水均衡 更新周期 水文年度 估算方法 |
| 英文关键词: soil water resources water balance renewable water cycle hydrological year evaluation method |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 天然降雨是土壤水的主要来源之一，将土壤水列入资源的范畴，但它不宜与地表水和地下水并列作为水资源的一个组成部分加以评估。蓄存在包气带土层中的土壤水的来源及其数量，其有效性，除自然因素外，更多是决定于人为的因素，过分夸大土壤水作为资源的属性容易作出错误的判断；估算一个水文年的土壤水资源量时，不能以整个水文年度作为运算时段，而应该针对每一个更新周期、按照降雨量的大小以及降雨间歇期的消耗情况（农田蒸散发）逐次计算土层的储存增量，然后进行累加，文中推荐采用水均衡法和数值计算相结合的估算方法；本文认为在以往水资源规划中已考虑了“土壤水资源”的现实，没有必要专门开展土壤水资源的评价。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The concept of soil water is discussed. It is pointed out that since the major part of soil water is coming from rainfall, it may be regarded as a kind of source. But the soil water stored in the vadose zone of the soil profile not only depends on the natural condition but also even more on human activities. The method for evaluating the soil water resources based on the principle of water balance and numerical simulation is suggested. It calculate the accumulated water quantity in soil layers by taking one renewable hydrological cycle as a time step, with the magnitude of rainfall in each event and the consumption in the period of without rainfall taken into account. As soil water is considered in existing water resources planning, it is not necessary to carry out the specific evaluation of soil water. |
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