| 朱伯芳.当前混凝土坝建设中的几个问题[J].水利学报,2009,40(1): |
| 当前混凝土坝建设中的几个问题 |
| On some problems in construction of concrete dams |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 混凝土坝 安全评估 长期持荷强度 全坝全过程仿真 长期保温 混凝土质量无损检测 |
| 英文关键词: concrete dam safety strength under long period of loading superficial thermal insulation whole building course simulation FEM |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本文就混凝土坝建设中的几个问题进行讨论，指出大坝安全是混凝土高坝的关键问题，分析了混凝土坝的破坏条件和安全系数的取值。指出由于样本太少，可靠度理论应用于混凝土坝设计无实际意义。指出了拱梁分载法的固有缺点，包括计算基础变形的Vogt系数过于粗糙，不能计算库水影响及施工过程的影响等。提出了改进混凝土坝安全评估的方法，对于一般的拱坝和重力坝，可采用有限元等效应力法，对于重要工程应进行全坝全过程有限元仿真分析。建议研究混凝土长期持荷强度和混凝土振捣密实度无损检测方法。指出通过全面温控、长期保温，可结束“无坝不裂"的历史。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Some problems in construction of concrete dams at present are discussed. It is pointed out that the safety of dams is an important problem must be paying attention. The failure conditions and safety factors of dams are analyzed. The drawbacks of the trial load method for dam design including the poor accuracy of Vogt's coefficients for determining the foundation displacements, the neglect of the action of water load in foundation and the influence of construction process on the stress distribution of dams are pointed out. Methods for improving the safety appraisal of dam are suggested: for ordinary concrete arch dams and gravity dams, the equivalent stress FEM can be used, while for important dams the whole building course simulation FEM is much better. The history of no concrete dam without cracking will be terminated by adopting the technology of permanent superficial thermal insulation and reasonable temperature control of dam concrete. Besides, the research on strength of concrete under long period of loading is another important topic for improving the safety of concrete dams. |
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