| 易雨君,谢泓毅,宋劼,杨志峰.黄河口盐沼湿地植被群落适宜生境模拟Ⅱ：应用[J].水利学报,2021,52(4):401-408 |
| 黄河口盐沼湿地植被群落适宜生境模拟Ⅱ：应用 |
| Simulation of salt marsh vegetation community's suitable habitat in Yellow River Estuary Ⅱ: application |
| 投稿时间：2020-07-21 |
| DOI：10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20200544 |
| 中文关键词: 生境模拟 地下水动力 盐沼植被 河口湿地 种群增长 种间竞争 |
| 英文关键词: habitat simulation groundwater dynamic salt marsh vegetation estuarine wetlands population growth interspecies competition |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFC0407403）；国家自然科学基金杰出青年基金项目（52025092） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 在径流和潮汐的共同作用下，黄河口三角洲天然盐沼植被具有明显的带状分布特征。本文基于盐沼植被对土壤水盐的响应机理构建地下水动力-种群动力学生境耦合模型，模拟了径流和潮汐共同作用下，黄河三角洲不同土壤水盐条件下盐沼植被适宜生境及生物量的时空分布。以不同年份黄河利津站的水资源量为依据，模拟了最大年、丰水年、平水年和枯水年和最小年5种水文年时间序列方案，模拟不同河流径流过程对河口盐沼植被的影响。研究发现盐沼植被在研究内的适宜生境在黄河两岸呈带状分布，在距离黄河较远的区域呈散点状分布；芦苇的生物量积累主要发生在较窄的条带上，而翅碱蓬和柽柳的生物量积累均匀分布在面状区域，3种盐沼植被在散点状适宜生境上均无生物量积累；丰水年情景下生长季内适宜生境月均面积最大，达研究区总面积16.66%；而枯水年情景生长季内月均生物量最多，最大达13.86万t。研究构建了地下水动力-种群动力学生境耦合模型，能够定量化模拟不同径流情景下河口湿地地下水、土壤水盐条件及盐沼植被适宜生境与生物量分布规律，以期服务于河口三角洲盐沼植被保护与修复。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The natural salt marsh vegetation in the Yellow River Delta is obviously banded distributied under the combined effect of runoff and tides. To clarify the evolution of soil water and salt conditions in the Yellow River Delta and its impact on salt marsh vegetation, this study simulated the spatial and temporal distribution of suitable habitat and biomass of salt marsh vegetation based on the coupled groundwater dynamic and population dynamic habitat model with different soil water and salt conditions in the Yellow River Delta under the combined influence of runoff and tide. Based on the water resources of Lijin station of the Yellow River in different years,this study simulated the discharge time series under five typical scenarios of the maximum flow year, wet flow year, medium flow year, dry flow year and minimum flow year.The simulation results of the effects of different river runoff processes on salt marsh vegetation showed that the suitable habitat of salt marsh vegetation in the study area has banded distribution on both sides of the Yellow River and scattered distribution in the area far from the Yellow River. The biomass accumulation of phragmites australis mainly presents a narrow strip shape,while that of suaeda salsa and Tamarix chinensis was uniformly distributed in the surface area. In addition,none of the three kinds of salt marsh vegetations has biomass accumulation in scattered suitable habitats. Under the time series of wet flow year, the monthly average area of suitable habitat in the growing season was the largest,up to 16.66% of the total area of the study area. Under the time series of dry flow year, the monthly average biomass in the growing season was the largest,up to 13.86×107 kg. This study could be used to predict the effects of different water transfer scenarios on groundwater salinity conditions in estuarine wetlands and on the distribution of salt marsh vegetation. It could also guide the protection and restoration of salt marsh vegetation in the estuary delta. |
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