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| 核电温排水影响范围数值模拟与原型观测对比研究 |
| A Comparative Study on Numerical Simulation and Prototype Observation of Thermal Effluents from a Nuclear Power Plant |
| 投稿时间：2025-05-22 修订日期：2025-12-22 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 温排水 背景水温 原型观测 数值模拟 风场 |
| 英文关键词: thermal discharge background water temperature prototype observation numerical simulation wind field |
| 基金项目:中国水利水电科学研究院“五大人才”计划课题(HTHY0145B03202100000);国家自然科学(42206214) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 准确确定温排水影响范围是评估核电厂对生态环境影响的重要前提。由于海域本底温度场的复杂性,从原型实测温度场准确界定温排水相对温升影响存在困难,而数学模型直接模拟海域实际温度场的精度也受边界条件准确性的较大制约,原型观测应用于模型验证在方法层面还存在分歧。本文以某核电厂址为例,基于水面实时热通量方法开展了工程海域的动态水温过程计算,并利用卫星遥感、航空遥感和水面测量等多源原型观测数据对模型进行了验证,计算与实测结果吻合良好。在此基础上分析了本底水温取值对温升场提取影响,扩散系数、散热系数以及风场等取值对数值模拟计算结果的敏感性研究。结果表明,本底水温取值方法对案例厂址温升场提取结果存在明显影响,均一本底取值对于夏季和冬季原观温升场存在相反影响,海域风场对温升场计算结果影响最大,扩散系数和散热系数取值对温升场结果影响存在不同,扩散系数对4℃温升区影响更大,散热系数对1℃温升影响更大。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Accurately determining the impact range of the thermal discharge is essential for evaluating the ecological impact of nuclear power plants. However, due to the complexity of background sea temperature field, it is difficult to accurately determine the relative temperature increases caused by thermal discharges based on in-situ temperature field measurements. Additionally, the precision of mathematical models in simulating realistic sea surface temperature field is constrained by the low resolution of boundary conditions. There are different opinions on how the prototype observations can be used for model validation. This paper takes a certain nuclear power plant site as an example. The water temperature variation processes in the project sea area through a real-time surface heat flux simulation approach. The numerical model is then validated using diverse in-situ observation data sources, including satellite remote sensing, airborne remote sensing, and surface water measurements. The calculated temperature results are in good agreement with the measurements. The impact of the background water temperature value on the extraction of the temperature rise field is analyzed, as well as the sensitivity of numerical simulation results to the values of the diffusion coefficient, heat dissipation coefficient, and wind field. The results of the studied case show the background temperature method has obvious effect on the observed temperature rise determination. The uniform background induces opposite bias effects on the observed temperature rise fields in summer and winter. The marine wind field has the greatest impact on the calculation results of the temperature rise field. The diffusion coefficient and heat dissipation coefficient show different in their sensitivity to the calculated temperature rise result, as the diffusion coefficient has a greater impact on the 4°C temperature rise zone, while the heat dissipation coefficient has a greater impact on the 1°C temperature rise. |
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