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| 堆石混凝土坝层面露石分割识别与快速评价方法研究 |
| Research on Segmentation, Recognition, and Rapid Evaluation Methods for Exposed Aggregates at Layer Interfaces of Rock-Filled Concrete Dams |
| 投稿时间：2025-05-25 修订日期：2025-12-08 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 堆石混凝土坝 层面露石 快速检测 YOLOv11 分割识别 评价方法 |
| 英文关键词: Rock-filled Concrete dams exposed rock at lift joints rapid and effective detection and evaluation methods YOLOv11 segmentation and recognition evaluation method |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金重点项目(52039005) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 堆石混凝土坝施工层面露石可以显著提高层面抗剪能力，相关规范标准均提出了关于层面露石的具体要求，但目前尚缺乏快速有效的检测评价方法。本文在YOLOv11-Seg基础上，引入Slim-Neck注意力机制与FASFFHead检测头，提出了层面露石的快速分割识别算法；结合实际工程数据与最新规范，给出了基于前述分割识别算法的层面露石评价方法。研究结果表明：改进后的YOLOv11-Seg模型在保持较高训练和识别效率的前提下，将检测精确率与召回率提升到91.4%和89.33%，较原始模型分别提升了8.6%和7.8%；堆石混凝土坝实际仓面的层面露石率变幅较大，单个层面的露石率检测结果符合Weibull分布；结合新修订的NB/T 10077-2024，本文方法能够较好地对现场层面露石情况进行评价；层面露石的水平投影面积与露石高度呈双曲线关系，与垂直投影面积线性相关，据此可进一步评估层面露石对抗剪承载力的增幅作用。本文研究可为堆石混凝土层面质量的监控与评价提供技术手段与基础。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Exposed rock at the construction lift joints of Rock-filled Concrete (RFC) dams can significantly enhance the interfacial shear capacity. While relevant codes and standards specify specific requirements regarding exposed rock at lift joints, there is currently a lack of rapid and effective detection and evaluation methods. This paper proposes a fast segmentation and recognition algorithm for exposed rock at lift joints, based on YOLOv11-Seg and incorporating the Slim-Neck attention mechanism and the FASFFHead detection head. Furthermore, by integrating actual engineering data and the latest code specifications, an evaluation method for exposed rock at lift joints is established based on the aforementioned segmentation algorithm. The research results indicate that the improved YOLOv11-Seg model achieves detection precision and recall rates of 91.4% and 89.33%, respectively, representing increases of 8.6% and 7.8% compared to the initial model, while maintaining high training and recognition efficiency. The measured exposed rock ratio at lift joints in actual RFC dam placements exhibits significant variation, and the detection results for individual lift joints conform to a Weibull distribution. In conjunction with the newly revised standard NB/T 10077-2024, the proposed method effectively evaluates the condition of exposed rock on-site. The horizontal projected area of the exposed rock shows a hyperbolic relationship with the rock exposure height and a linear correlation with the vertical projected area; this relationship can be utilized to further assess the enhancement of the interfacial shear capacity contributed by the exposed rock. This research provides technical means and a foundation for monitoring and evaluating the quality of lift joints in Rock-filled Concrete dams. |
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