| 林鹏,陈道想,张志伟,李子昌,李果,彭文明.复杂坝基振冲碎石桩处理方法研究及典型案例分析[J].水利学报,2025,56(11):1420-1431 |
| 复杂坝基振冲碎石桩处理方法研究及典型案例分析 |
| Reinforcement method and case study of vibro stone columns improvement of complex dam foundation |
| 投稿时间：2024-07-30 修订日期：2025-11-14 |
| DOI：10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20240482 |
| 中文关键词: 水电工程 振冲碎石桩 智能振冲 振冲处理方法 超深覆盖地基 |
| 英文关键词: hydropower engineering vibro stone column intelligent vibroflotation vibroflotation reinforcement method ultra-deep overburden foundation |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2024YFF1700905）；西藏自治区科技项目（XZ202401ZY0078）；华能集团科技项目（HNKJ21-H35）；雅江清洁能源科学技术研究（北京）有限公司科技项目（KY2025/D014） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 在西南高海拔地区大江大河上筑坝，常面临深厚软弱土层覆盖坝基处理难题，振冲碎石桩处理坝基通常是首选方法。本文依托国内外复杂坝基振冲碎石桩处理成功案例，提出了明确地层特性、优选设计参数、选定装备工艺、控制过程质量、评价工后质量的振冲碎石桩处理定量设计、分析和质量控制等方法，从间排距的本质特征给出了置换率统一计算方法，论证了等边三角形布桩型式在施工期土体挤密和振密，以及运行期桩间土排水固结和消散孔压等维度下的最优性。剖析了2个典型工程案例的处理效果和适应性：（1）铜钟坝基振冲碎石桩处理后，抗震、抗液化效果明显，经受住了汶川地震极端工况；（2）硬梁包坝基处理工程采用了智能振冲方法，碎石桩穿过上部卵砾石层处理下部软弱层，坝基桩间土剪切波速提高约15%~20%，处理区抗液化安全系数提高1.8~2.0倍。研究成果可为高海拔地区复杂水工建筑物超深覆盖基础的处理设计和智能建造提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Dam construction in the southwest high-altitude region of China often faces the problem of dam foundation improvement for deep and weak soil layers，and vibro stone columns are usually the primary choice. Based on the complex dam foundation cases improved by vibro stone columns，this study proposes the reinforcement design，analysis，and quality control method of vibro stone columns，which includes clarification of stratum characteristics，optimization of design parameters，selection of construction equipment and technology，quality control during the process， and post-work inspection. A unified calculation method for the replacement rate based on the intrinsic characteristics of the spacing between columns and rows is proposed. The optimality of the equilateral triangular layout is demonstrated in terms of soil compaction and vibration during construction，as well as drainage consolidation and pore pressure dissipation in the soil between piles during operation. Two typical cases of improvement effects and adaptability analysis have been carried out：（1）the seismic and liquefaction resistance effect of vibro stone column improvement at Tongzhong Dam under extreme earthquake conditions；（2）Yingliangbao Dam foundation set a precedent for intelligent vibrofloation，stone columns were installed through the upper pebble gravel layer to improve the lower weak layer，the shear wave velocity of the foundation soil is increased by approximately 15%-20%，and the coefficient of safety against liquefaction in the treated area increased by 1.8-2.0 times. The results can provide a reference for the improvement design and intelligent construction of ultra-deep overburden foundations of complex hydraulic structures in high altitude areas. |
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