| 管光华,熊发京,殷心盼,毛中豪,王康.长距离输水渠道系统水温-水位协同调控模式研究[J].水利学报,2025,56(12):1570-1583 |
| 长距离输水渠道系统水温-水位协同调控模式研究 |
| Research on coordinated water temperature and level regulation mode for long-distance water conveyance canal systems |
| 投稿时间：2024-11-01 修订日期：2025-12-22 |
| DOI：10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20240706 |
| 中文关键词: 长距离输水工程 热源汇入 协同调控 冰期 输水能力提升 |
| 英文关键词: long-distance water conveyance project warm water inflow coordinated regulation ice period enhancement of water conveyance capacity |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划课题（2022YFC3202504） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 11 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 长距离输水工程冬季运行时的结冰过程限制了渠道输水能力，引离线水库下层温水入渠可提升渠道水温，有效缩短渠道结冰的时空范围，提升冬季输水量。若水库在整个冬季对渠道以恒定流量供水，将导致水库水资源浪费；且现行渠系控制模式多采用下游常水位控制，不变的水库来流会导致下游控制点水位偏离目标值，增加渠系自动控制难度，甚至引发渠道漫顶。因此，本研究设计了长距离输水渠系水温控制器，根据控制点水温动态调整水库补渠流量，以节省水库放水量；并提出长距离输水渠系水温-水位协同调控模式，在传统水位反馈控制器的基础上，引入水温控制器输出的水库补渠流量作为水位控制器的前馈，以辅助下游控制点水位保持稳定。结果表明，在研究渠段，水温控制器可保持控制点水温处于0.5~2℃，使入流点至控制点之间不发生冰情，且相比恒定入流方案节约20%水库水量。在水温-水位协同调控下，渠道下游控制点水位会提前降低，以承受水库来流，随后水位根据水库补渠流量的变化动态调整，并在4~5 d内恢复至目标值附近。该研究提出的水温-水位协同调控模式，能在保证渠道增温效果的同时，节约水库引水量，并保证渠道输水的稳定。所提出的协同调控思路对复杂系统的多目标调控具有一定参考意义。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The ice formed during the winter operation of long-distance water conveyance projects limits the water conveyance capacity of the canal. Inflow of warmer water from the lower layer of an offline reservoir can raise the canal's water temperature，effectively reduce the temporal and spatial extent of ice formation and enhance winter water delivery. However，supplying water from the reservoir to the canal at a constant flow rate throughout the winter may result in complete reservoir depletion. Furthermore，the current control modes of the canal system typically require maintaining a constant downstream water level. The inflow from the reservoir could disturb the hydraulic stability of the canal，causing deviation of the water level at downstream control points from their target value. This would increase the complexity of automatic canal system control and potentially lead to canal overtopping. Therefore，this study designed a water temperature controller for long-distance water conveyance canal systems，which dynamically adjusts the inflow from the reservoir based on the water temperature at the control point to save water from the reservoir. A coordinated regulation mode of water temperature and level in long-distance water conveyance canal system was proposed. Based on the traditional water level feedback controller，the reservoir inflow output from the water temperature controller is introduced as a feedforward input to the water level controller，thereby assisting downstream control points in maintaining a stable water level. The results show that the water temperature controller can maintain the water temperature at the control point between 0.5 ℃ and 2 ℃ ，preventing ice conditions between the inflow point and the control point，while saving 20% of the reservoir water compared to the constant inflow scheme. Under the coordinated regulation of water temperature and level，the water level at the downstream control point of the canal will be lowered in advance to accommodate the inflow from the reservoir and then be dynamically adjusted according to changes in reservoir inflow，returning to near the target value within 4 - 5 days. The coordinated water temperature and level regulation mode proposed in this study can ensure effective canal warming，conserve reservoir water，and maintain stable water delivery. The coordinated regulation approach proposed in this study offers certain reference value for multi-objective regulation of complex systems. |
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