| 张勇静,赵伟霞,单志杰,黄乾.基于植被指数的喷灌变量灌溉处方图生成方法研究[J].水利学报,2025,56(7):958-968 |
| 基于植被指数的喷灌变量灌溉处方图生成方法研究 |
| Study on generating method of variable rate irrigation prescription map for sprinkler irrigation based on vegetation index |
| 投稿时间：2024-10-12 修订日期：2025-06-10 |
| DOI：10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20240659 |
| 中文关键词: 无人机 多光谱 植被指数 变量灌溉 处方图 |
| 英文关键词: UAV multi-spectral vegetation index variable rate irrigation prescription map |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1900805); 国家自然科学基金项目(52379056); 流域水循环与调控国家重点实验室自由探索课题(SKL2024YJTS08); 山东省重点研发计划课题(2022CXGC020707) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 与冠层温度相比，植被指数是反映作物生长表型和水肥亏缺信息的复合指标，为变量灌溉处方图的生成提供了更为综合的基础信息。为了研究基于植被指数的高精度变量灌溉处方图生成方法，本文基于优化土壤调节植被指数（Optimized Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index,OSAVI），提出了仅通过改变喷灌机行走速度即可实现动态变量灌溉管理的扇形变量灌溉处方图生成方法，并研究了无人机多光谱系统起飞时间和飞行高度对扇形变量灌溉处方图的影响，及其与基于归一化相对冠层温度指标（Normalized Relative Canopy Temperature,NRCT）生成的变量灌溉处方图差异。试验在河北省邢台市大曹庄管理区中国水利水电科学研究院智慧灌溉技术与装备创新示范推广基地开展，供试作物为2023年和2024年种植的冬小麦，无人机多光谱系统飞行高度为50、70和90 m，分别于8:00、11:00、14:00和17:00开始起飞，飞行区域为四跨加悬臂圆形喷灌机控制的1/6区域。结果表明，起飞时间对OSAVI的空间分布具有显著影响，在11:00和14:00起飞时，OSVAI空间分布特征相对稳定且总灌水量相对较小，分别比17:00时的总灌水量平均减少17.7%和18.8%。随着无人机多光谱系统飞行高度的增加，总灌水量无明显变化规律，且不同飞行高度时的总灌水量最大仅相差6%。与基于NRCT的变量灌溉处方图相比，基于OSAVI的变量灌溉处方图总灌水量平均减少6%。在利用无人机多光谱系统获取冬小麦喷灌扇形变量灌溉处方图时，推荐适宜起飞时间段为11:00—14:00。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Compared with canopy temperature,the vegetation index is a composite indicator that reflects the growth phenotype and information on water and fertilizer deficiency of crops,which provides more comprehensive fundamental information for the generation of variable rate irrigation prescription maps.To investigate the high-precision generation method for dynamic variable rate irrigation prescription map based on vegetation index,this paper proposes a fan-shaped generation method for variable rate irrigation prescription map based on the optimized soil adjusted vegetation index （OSAVI）.This research studied the impact of take-off time and flight altitude of the unmanned aerial vehicle （UAV） multi-spectral system on variable rate irrigation prescription maps,and compared these maps with those generated using the Normalized Relative Canopy Temperature （NRCT） indicator.The experiment was conducted at the Smart Irrigation Technology and Equipment Innovation Demonstration and Promotion Base of the China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research in Dacaozhuang Management Area,Xingtai City,Hebei Province,with winter wheat planted in 2023 and 2024.The flight altitude of the UAV multi-spectral system was set at 50,70,and 90 m,and the take-off times were selected at 8:00,11:00,14:00 and 17:00.The flying area was 1/6 of the irrigated area controlled by the four-span center-pivot irrigation system with an overhang.The results indicated that the take-off time of UAV multi-spectral had a significant influence on the spatial distribution of OSAVI.The spatial variation of OSVAI was relatively stable at the take-off times of 11:00 and 14:00,and the total irrigation amount was small,being 17.7%and 18.8%less than that at 17:00,respectively.As the flight altitude of the drone multispectral system increased,there was no significant change in the total irrigation amount,with the maximum difference in the irrigation amount at different flight altitudes being only 6%.Compared with the variable rate irrigation prescription maps based on NRCT,the total irrigation volume was reduced by an average of 6%.When using the UAV multispectral system to obtain the variable rate irrigation prescription map for winter wheat,the recommended takeoff time is between 11:00 and 14:00. |
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