| 赵小丹,付湘,彭少明,范志鹏,王煜,郑小康.长江黄河跨流域多线路成网互济的调水机制研究Ⅱ：应用[J].水利学报,2025,56(9):1189-1200 |
| 长江黄河跨流域多线路成网互济的调水机制研究Ⅱ：应用 |
| Study on water transfer mechanisms of the Yangtze River and Yellow River inter-basin multi-route networking mutualism II：Application |
| 投稿时间：2024-10-31 修订日期：2025-07-16 |
| DOI：10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20240703 |
| 中文关键词: 长江 黄河 跨流域调水 成网互济 “源-流-网-配”协同优化 南水北调东中线 |
| 英文关键词: Yangtze River Yellow River inter-basin water transfer water network mutual assistance coordinated optimization of water sources-flow-network-allocation Eastern and Central Routes of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFC3202300）；国家自然科学基金项目（52479023，U21A2002） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为提升长江黄河跨流域水网的整体运行效益，针对南水北调东、中线管理实践需求，以调水满足率最大、公平性最佳，及受水区社会、经济、生态效益最大为优化目标，构建成网互济运行方式下“源-流-网-配”协同优化模型。基于长江、黄河枯水、特枯水组合的4种情景，对比单线运行与成网互济运行方式，分析其有效性。结果表明：长江枯水变化对受水区缺水率影响较小，黄河枯水变化下山东缺水率变化更大，同时黄河丰枯变化会影响成网互济的效果；相较于水网单线运行，成网互济时受水区总缺水量降低4.2亿~13.3亿m3，河南、山东黄河受水区缺水率下降0.1%~6.7%，南水北调、非常规水供水量上升，地下水和黄河水减少7.7亿m3，改善了部分地区供水结构；成网互济下南水北调东、中线可调减引黄用水指标分别为12.7亿和11.1亿m3，是基准方案中原调减指标的3~6倍。研究成果可为水网科学调配提供决策参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to improve the overall operational efficiency of the inter-basin water networks of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River，this paper conducted a study on the practical requirements for the management of the eastern and central routes of the South-to-North Water Diversion. With the optimization objectives of maximizing the transferred water satisfaction rate，optimizing equity，and maximizing the social，economic，and ecological benefits of the receiving areas，the study constructed a synergistic optimization model of“source-flow-network-distribution” under the operation mode of forming a network and mutual aid. Based on four scenarios of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River with dry water and especially dry water，the model compared and analyzed the single-line operation and the network mutual aid operation. The results show that：Changes in the Yangtze River withered water have less impact on the water shortage rate of the receiving area，and changes in the Yellow River withered water have a greater impact on Shandong's water shortage rate. Meanwhile，changes in the Yellow River's abundance and desiccation affect the effectiveness of forming a mutual aid network. Compared with single-line operation，the total water shortage of the receiving area is reduced by 0.42 to 1.33 billion m3 when forming a mutual aid network. The water shortage rate of the Yellow River receiving areas in Henan and Shandong is reduced by 0.1% to 6.7%. The water supply of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project and unconventional water sources increases，while groundwater and Yellow River water decrease by 0.77 billion m3，improving the water supply structure in some areas. Under reciprocal allocation of the South-to-North Water Diversion East and Central Lines，the indicators for water diversion from the Yellow River can be adjusted down to 1.27 billion m3 and 1.11 billion m3 respectively，which is 3-6 times the original reduction indicators in the baseline scenario. The research results can provide a decision-making reference for the scientific deployment of water networks. |
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