| 郭溪,梁鹏辉,吴泽宁,何晨涛,曹欠欠.不同干旱条件下区域抗旱水源优化配置研究[J].水利学报,2025,56(9):1228-1239 |
| 不同干旱条件下区域抗旱水源优化配置研究 |
| Optimal allocation of regional drought-resistant water sources under different drought conditions |
| 投稿时间：2024-11-14 修订日期：2025-09-17 |
| DOI：10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20240741 |
| 中文关键词: 干旱 特大干旱 供用水系统结构-功能损伤 优化配置模型 抗旱水源 |
| 英文关键词: drought exceptional drought structural-functional impairment of water supply systems optimal allocation models drought water sources |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2021YFC3000204）；河南省科技攻关项目（252102321112） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 干旱是全球最常见和最严重的自然灾害之一，高温极端干旱事件对国家水安全保障构成了严重威胁。针对不同干旱条件下的抗旱水源配置原则、约束条件、目标函数及模型构建等问题，基于不同干旱条件对抗旱水源配置系统的结构破坏和功能损失机理，分别构建一般干旱与特大干旱条件下的区域抗旱水源优化配置准则、目标函数、约束条件和方案生成方法，建立了不同干旱条件下区域抗旱水源优化配置模型，并以楚雄州为例进行应用验证。结果表明：经抗旱水源优化配置后，一般干旱条件下，楚雄州社会总缺水量降至1883.01万m3，经济损失减少4.4亿元；特大干旱条件下，楚雄州缺水损伤程度下降至14.54%，水源工程总体破坏程度降至11.26%。综上，区域抗旱水源优化配置模型可有效降低旱灾损失及供需水系统破坏程度，提高各用水户的供水保证率，可为区域整体干旱应对能力提升提供技术支撑。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Drought is one of the most common，serious，and destructive natural disasters in the world，and hightemperature extreme drought events pose a serious threat to water security in China. Aiming at the drought water allocation principles，constraints，objective function，and model construction under different drought conditions，based on the structural damage and functional loss mechanism of the drought water allocation system under different drought conditions，we established the optimization guidelines，objective function，constraints and scenario generation methods of regional drought water allocation under general drought and extreme drought conditions. Furthermore，an optimization model of regional drought water allocation under different drought conditions was developed，with Chuxiong as an example for application validation. The results show that after the optimal allocation of drought-resistant water sources，under normal drought conditions，the total social water shortage in Chuxiong Prefecture is reduced to 18， 830，100 m3，and the economic loss is reduced by 440 million yuan；under extreme drought conditions，the degree of water shortage damage in Chuxiong Prefecture is reduced to 14.54%，and the total damage to water source projects is reduced to 11.26%. In summary，the study of the regional drought water source optimization model can effectively reduce drought losses and the degree of damage to the water supply and demand system，improve the water supply guarantee rate for each water user，and provide technical support for improving the overall drought coping capacity of the region. |
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