| 周凯,畅建霞,王义民,蒋云钟,赵茹欣,孙洪泉.干旱强度的时空域分布函数研究及应用[J].水利学报,2025,56(9):1240-1252 |
| 干旱强度的时空域分布函数研究及应用 |
| Research and application of the spatiotemporal distribution function of drought intensity |
| 投稿时间：2024-04-28 修订日期：2025-08-19 |
| DOI：10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20240242 |
| 中文关键词: 干旱事件 综合强度 分布函数 华北地区 |
| 英文关键词: drought events composite intensity distribution function North China |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划课题（2021YFC3000203） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 33 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目前针对干旱强度的研究侧重于时间域的分布函数分析，缺乏对其非线性函数关系的考虑，未能从理论研究的角度构建出干旱强度的时空域分布函数。本文从时空域的非线性函数关系出发，建立了微分方程，并通过理论推导构建了时空域平均强度与时间长度以及与覆盖面积的函数关系，提出干旱强度的时空域分布函数方程。结果表明：平均强度同时服从时间域的负指数分布与空间域的负指数分布，对于一场干旱事件，其干旱强度服从如下函数关系，时空域平均强度与时间长度负指数幂和覆盖面积负指数幂的乘积成正比。以华北地区为例，验证了时空域分布函数方程的可靠性。基于以上函数关系，本文提出了在时空维度统筹干旱事件特征的综合强度指标，可为干旱事件的综合评估提供科学依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Current research on drought intensity focuses on the distribution function analysis in the time domain but lacks consideration of the non-linear functional relationship of the characteristic variables. This limitation makes it difficult to construct a universal distribution function equation for drought intensity in both the spatial and temporal domains. In this paper，based on the nonlinear functional relationship of the spatiotemporal dimension，a group of differential equations are formulated. The functional relationship between the average spatiotemporal intensity，time duration，and covered area is derived theoretically，and the distribution function equations for intensity in the spatiotemporal domain are proposed. The results indicate that the average intensity follows a negative exponential distribution in both the spatial and temporal domains. For a drought event，its drought intensity follows a functional relationship：the product of the average spatiotemporal intensity，the negative exponential of time duration，and the negative exponential of the covered area is proportional to the average spatiotemporal intensity and time duration. The theoretical validation is carried out in North China as an example，and the results confirm the reliability of the distribution function equation in the spatiotemporal domain. Additionally，based on the aforementioned functional relationship， the concept of composite intensity is proposed，integrating the spatiotemporal dimension of drought events and providing a scientific method for their comprehensive assessment. |
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