Page 15 - 2022年第53卷第1期

Operation mode and design technology of "storing clean water
and regulating muddy flow" of reservoirs in sediment-laden river

1，2 3 1
ZHANG Jinliang ，HU Chunhong ，LIU Jixiang
（1. Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co.，Ltd.，Zhengzhou 430072，China；
2. Tianjin University，Tianjin 300072，China；3. China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research，Beijing 100038，China）

Abstract： This article systematically summarized the development process of the operation mode of reser⁃
voirs on sediment-laden rivers in China since the 1950s， especially explained the operation mode and de⁃
sign technology of "storing clean water and regulating muddy flow". The operation mode of "storing clean
water and regulating muddy flow" develops the traditional sediment-retaining mode of“retaining coarse sedi⁃
ment and discharging fine sediment”with low backwater into diversified utilization of sediment-retaining stor⁃
age capacity and synchronous shaping of floodplain and channel of "low flow to block sediment， high flow
to discharge sediment， timely peak generation， floodplain silting and channel forming". The operation mode
has changed the traditional sediment-retaining mode of silting without flushing. During the normal operation
period， the utilization of water-sediment classification scheduling supplemented by unconventional sediment
discharge scheduling can achieve coordinated water-sediment relationship reconstruction and sediment-reten⁃
tion storage capacity regeneration. On the basis of maintaining the effective storage capacity of the reservoir
for a long time， the application of "storing clean water and regulating muddy flow" further takes into ac⁃
count the needs of the reservoir for water-sediment regulation，effectively avoids the occupation of the effec⁃
tive reservoir capacity due to sedimentation，reduces the adverse impact of the forced sediment discharge of
the reservoir on the downstream water-sediment relationship， which is the inheritance of the application of
"storing clean water and regulating muddy flow" and the overall development of "water and sediment regula⁃
tion". In terms of design technology， in order to better meet the needs of sediment regulation， it is re⁃
quired to scientifically and rationally design the corresponding discharge scale of the sediment regulation ca⁃
pacity and the sediment discharge water level，consider the different siltation states during the sediment reg⁃
ulation process， and design the reservoir capacity configuration according to the reservoir capacity distribu⁃
tion design of " deep channel for sediment regulation， medium channel for benefit and high channel for
flood regulation” Rivers with ultra-high sediment content should set abnormal sediment discharge bottom
.
outlets below normal flow and sediment discharge outlets to form a "normal + abnormal" double sediment
erosion datum plane. Reservoir should adopt water and sediment separation development method in rivers
with super high sediment content， which is difficult to coordinate effective reservoir capacity maintenance
and water supply regulation. The results will provide guidance and reference for the reservoir engineering de⁃
sign and operation of sediment-laden river，in the current and future periods.
Keywords： Yellow River； reservoir sediment； water storage and sediment interception； storing clean water
and discharging muddy flow；storing clean water and regulating muddy flow；operation mode

（责任编辑：李福田）

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