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4 结论
通过对压实度为 98.3%的黄土试样进行干湿循环试验、三轴剪切试验(UU),研究了不同干湿循
环次数和不同干湿循环路径条件下压实黄土的三轴剪切力学特性,得出以下结论:干湿循环作用下
的压实黄土应力-应变关系曲线随着干湿循环次数的增加在坐标中先逐渐下移,然后又逐渐上移,最
终逐渐趋于稳定。干湿循环对压实黄土三轴剪切强度具有劣化作用。存在临界干湿循环次数 n ,当
c
n<n 时,三轴剪切强度及强度指标急剧减小;当 n>n 时,三轴剪切强度及强度指标逐渐增大并最终
c
c
趋于稳定。三轴剪切强度指标劣化度能够定量反映干湿循环作用下压实黄土的强度劣化规律,通过
分段函数对劣化度进行拟合,拟合相关系数均在 0.97 以上,分段函数能够较好反映强度指标的劣化
过程。压实黄土干湿循环最劣含水率对应的强度指标劣化度最大,在压实黄土实际工程中,可以根
据压实完成后黄土的瞬时含水率是否接近或等于最劣含水率来评价干湿循环对三轴剪切强度的劣化
程度。增湿过程使土颗粒间的吸附强度减弱和减湿过程使土样内部和表面产生裂隙是压实黄土强度
劣化的主要原因。基质吸力的压密作用和土颗粒对大、中孔隙和裂隙的充填提高了颗粒间的联结作
用及咬合作用,使压实黄土的强度有所增大,但增大幅度相对较低,最终趋于定值。
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