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(2)本文构建的 AM-SSA-BiGRU 模型,通过 AM 动态调整影响因素的关注程度,增强对关键信息
              的筛选能力,并利用 SSA 确定 BiGRU 的最佳超参数组合,解决了参数选择困难、效率低的问题。与
              LSTM、BiGRU、AM-LSTM、AM-BiGRU 模型相比,R 最大提高 17.76%,MAPE、RMSE、MAE 分别最
                                                               2
              大降低 93.67%、91.29%、92.66%,说明本文模型可有效表征和预测渗流变化趋势。
                  (3)实例分析表明,基于本文滞后分量量化方法的渗流预测模型对所有测点 UP3、UP6、UP9 和
              UP13 渗流预测精度均有提升。该方法能够充分挖掘时序数据中库水位和温度与渗流之间的滞后关系,
              从而显著提高渗流预测精度,为混凝土坝渗流预测提供了新的方法。


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