Page 28 - 2022年第53卷第4期

［ 18］ 傅作新，钱向东 . 有限单元法在拱坝设计中的应用［J］. 河海大学学报，1991（2）：8-15 .
［ 20］ 水电水利规划设计总院 . 混凝土重力坝设计规范：NB/T 35026-2014［S］. 北京：中国电力出版社，2015 .
［ 19］ 水利部水利水电规划设计总院 . 混凝土拱坝设计规范：SL 282-2018［S］. 北京：中国水利水电出版社，
2018 .
［ 21］ 李广凯，刘传东，肖仁军，等 . 多体接触问题面面接触算法研究［J］. 水利学报，2020，51（5）：597-605 .
［ 22］ 沙莎，张国新 . 基于应力-渗流-损伤耦合模型的重力坝三维水力劈裂数值模拟［J］. 中国水利水电科学研
究院学报，2020，18（1）：1-11 .
［ 23］ 张 立 ，李 广 凯 ，马 怀 发 . 混 凝 土 类 材 料 弹 塑 性 损 伤 问 题 的 全 隐 式 迭 代 法［J］. 水 利 学 报 ，2020，51（8）：
947-956 .
［ 24］ 张国新，刘毅 . 坝基稳定分析的有限元直接反力法［J］. 水力发电，2006（12）：30-32 .
［ 25］ 张国新 . SAPTIS：结构多场仿真与非线性分析软件开发及应用（之一）［J］. 水利水电技术，2013，44（1）：
31-35 .

Study on calculation method and control standard of stress and
stability of the gravity dam heightening

1 2 1 2
ZHANG Guoxin ，NIU Xinqiang ，LUO Xiangyu ，YAN Tianyou
（1. State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin，
China Instit-ute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research，Beijing 100038，China；
2. Changjiang Survey，Planning，Design and Research Co.，Ltd，Wuhan 430010，China）

Abstract： In the raising of gravity dam by thickening back slope， there are problems of load sharing and
interface bonding between new and old dam blocks. When the force is transmitted by partial interface，the
traditional material mechanics method and integral rigid body limit equilibrium method are no longer suit⁃
able for stress and stability calculation. This paper introduces the finite element method for the simulation
of gravity dam heightening， and puts forward the finite element equivalent method for stress and stability
calculation of new and old dam blocks. Taking Danjiangkou dam 7# section as an example，the multi-con⁃
dition calculation of different interface states is carried out， which is compared with the elastic-plastic fi⁃
nite element strength reduction method. The results show that： 1） the finite element equivalent internal
force method can consider the complex conditions such as separation of interface， material difference be⁃
tween new and old dam blocks，and foundation heterogeneity，and it can eliminate the stress concentration
at dam heel and contact point of new and old concrete by the finite element equivalent internal force meth⁃
od. It has the advantages of finite element method and material mechanics method. Its equivalent internal
force can be calculated by stress integration and direct reaction force method， The accuracy of equivalent
internal force obtained by direct reaction force method is higher； 2） When the finite element equivalent
method is used to calculate the dam foundation stress and the safety factor of overall and local stability of
new and old dam blocks， the control standard for stress and stability shall meet the requirements of cur⁃
rent specifications； 3） When the force is transmitted from the partial interface between new and old con⁃
crete， the unfavorable condition of stress is the opening of the lower part of the slope section， while for
dam block stability the unfavorable condition is the opening of the upper part and the bonding of the lower
part of the interface；4） When the bonding area of the middle and lower parts of the slope section of Dan⁃
jiangkou 7# dam section is more than 20% of the total， the stress and stability meet the specification re⁃
quirements. This conclusion is consistent with the theory of "Limited Combination of Interface"； 5） The
elastic-plastic finite element method is an effective one to analyze the heightening of gravity dam. When
the same calculation model and yield criterion as the material mechanics and rigid body limit equilibrium
method are adopted，the same results can be obtained and the same control standard can be adopted. How⁃
ever， when different models and yield criteria are adopted， the control standard needs to be studied sepa⁃
rately.
Keywords： gravity dam heightening； thickening back slope； finite element simulation； bond interface of
new and old concrete
（责任编辑：韩 昆）

— 402 —