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                    ImpactsandcountermeasuresofextremedroughtintheYangtzeRiverBasinin2022

                                                              1,3
                                                 1,2
                                          XIAJun ,CHENJin ,SHEDunxian        1,2
                          (1.StateKeyLaboratoryofWaterResourcesandHydropowerEngineeringScience,Wuhan 430072,China;
                           2.HubeiKeyLaboratoryofWaterSystemScienceforSpongeCityConstruction,Wuhan 430072,China;
                        3.YangtzeRiverAcademyofSciences,ChangjiangWaterResourcesCommission,oftheMinistryofWaterResources,
                                                    Wuhan 430015,China)


                  Abstract:SinceJuly2022,theYangtzeRiverBasin(YRB)hasbeenhitbythemostseveredroughtsince1961,
                  whichhasattractedwidespreadpublicattention.Basedonalongseriesofhistoricaldata,thisstudyanalyzedthe
                  changesofthehistoricalextremedroughtanditsimpactintheYRB.Wealsoinvestigatedthecausesandcharacter
                  isticsoftheextremedroughtintheYRBin2022 ,andproposedthescientificdroughtresistancestrategyandcom
                  prehensivecountermeasuresofextremedroughtintheYRB.Theresultsshowthatsevere?extremedroughtinthe
                  YRBisinfluencedbybothglobalclimatechangeandintensifiedhumanactivities.In2022,therainfallandrunoff
                  reducedlargelyinmostareasofYRB,whichweremainlycausedbytheatmosphericcirculationanomaly,thetoo
                  shortMeiyuperiodinsummer ,thefewlandwardtyphoons,andetc.From thehistoricaldroughtdata,wefound
                  thattheoccurrenceprobabilityofsevereandextremedroughtinthelowerreachesishigherthanthatintheupper
                  reachesofYRB.Theremarkablefeatureof2022’sdroughtisthattheareaandextentofextremehightemperature
                  arerankedfirstsincetimeofthemeasuredrecord ,andthehydrologicaldroughtduringsummerisalsoveryserious.
                  However ,the2022’sextremedroughthasnotcausedsevereimpactsofarduetothesignificantimprovementof
                  droughtresistanceintheYRB.Inthefuture ,thefocusofdroughtmitigationistoscientificallyunderstandthenat
                  uralpropertiesofdroughtandthecausesofdrought.Onthebasisoffurtherimprovingtheconstructionofregional
                  waterconservancynetworksandwaterconservancyprojects,effortsshouldalsobemadetoimprovetheinfrastruc
                  turefordroughtresistance.Ontheotherhand ,thenon - engineeringmeasures,suchasearlywarning,forecasting
                  anddispatching ,shouldalsobestrengthenedwiththemainpurposeofreducingdroughtlosses.Theriskmanage
                  mentsystemandanadaptivemanagementsystemshouldbeestablishedforfloodanddroughtreductionintheYRB.
                  Keywords:YangtzeRiverBasin;droughtin2022;meteorologicaldrought;hydrologicaldrought;droughtre
                  sistanceability ;droughtresistancestrategy

                                                                                    (责任编辑:耿庆斋)

















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