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ImpactsandcountermeasuresofextremedroughtintheYangtzeRiverBasinin2022
1,3
1,2
XIAJun ,CHENJin ,SHEDunxian 1,2
(1.StateKeyLaboratoryofWaterResourcesandHydropowerEngineeringScience,Wuhan 430072,China;
2.HubeiKeyLaboratoryofWaterSystemScienceforSpongeCityConstruction,Wuhan 430072,China;
3.YangtzeRiverAcademyofSciences,ChangjiangWaterResourcesCommission,oftheMinistryofWaterResources,
Wuhan 430015,China)
Abstract:SinceJuly2022,theYangtzeRiverBasin(YRB)hasbeenhitbythemostseveredroughtsince1961,
whichhasattractedwidespreadpublicattention.Basedonalongseriesofhistoricaldata,thisstudyanalyzedthe
changesofthehistoricalextremedroughtanditsimpactintheYRB.Wealsoinvestigatedthecausesandcharacter
isticsoftheextremedroughtintheYRBin2022 ,andproposedthescientificdroughtresistancestrategyandcom
prehensivecountermeasuresofextremedroughtintheYRB.Theresultsshowthatsevere?extremedroughtinthe
YRBisinfluencedbybothglobalclimatechangeandintensifiedhumanactivities.In2022,therainfallandrunoff
reducedlargelyinmostareasofYRB,whichweremainlycausedbytheatmosphericcirculationanomaly,thetoo
shortMeiyuperiodinsummer ,thefewlandwardtyphoons,andetc.From thehistoricaldroughtdata,wefound
thattheoccurrenceprobabilityofsevereandextremedroughtinthelowerreachesishigherthanthatintheupper
reachesofYRB.Theremarkablefeatureof2022’sdroughtisthattheareaandextentofextremehightemperature
arerankedfirstsincetimeofthemeasuredrecord ,andthehydrologicaldroughtduringsummerisalsoveryserious.
However ,the2022’sextremedroughthasnotcausedsevereimpactsofarduetothesignificantimprovementof
droughtresistanceintheYRB.Inthefuture ,thefocusofdroughtmitigationistoscientificallyunderstandthenat
uralpropertiesofdroughtandthecausesofdrought.Onthebasisoffurtherimprovingtheconstructionofregional
waterconservancynetworksandwaterconservancyprojects,effortsshouldalsobemadetoimprovetheinfrastruc
turefordroughtresistance.Ontheotherhand ,thenon - engineeringmeasures,suchasearlywarning,forecasting
anddispatching ,shouldalsobestrengthenedwiththemainpurposeofreducingdroughtlosses.Theriskmanage
mentsystemandanadaptivemanagementsystemshouldbeestablishedforfloodanddroughtreductionintheYRB.
Keywords:YangtzeRiverBasin;droughtin2022;meteorologicaldrought;hydrologicaldrought;droughtre
sistanceability ;droughtresistancestrategy
(责任编辑:耿庆斋)
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