Page 126 - 2024年第55卷第12期
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Studyonmulti - leveloptimizationofreservoirdrought - limitwaterlevelsforextremedroughts
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WANGKun,YANZiqi,CHENGang,JIANGYunzhong,ZHOUZuhao,YANDenghua
(1.StateKeyLaboratoryofSimulationandRegulationofWaterCycleinRiverBasin,ChinaInstituteof
WaterResourcesandHydropowerResearch ,Beijing 100038,China;
2.YunnanInstituteofWater&HydropowerEngineeringInvestigation,DesignandResearch,Kunming 650021,China)
Abstract:Thedrought - limitwaterlevel,asakeyindicatorfordroughtwarningandresponse,playsasignificant
roleinwaterresourcemanagement.Inlightofthechallengesthatthecurrentdrought - limitwaterlevelsisdifficult
toeffectivelycopewithmulti - yearconsecutiveandextremedroughts ,aswellastheunderutilizationofdeadstorage
capacityasanemergencywatersourcefordroughtresistance ,thisstudydividedthedrought - limitwaterlevelofthe
reservoirintofourdevelopmentalstages :“initialproposal - stagingandclassification - optimizationofcontrolperiod -
tappingpotentialtoincreasesupply”.A newmethodwasdevelopedtodeterminethedrought - limitwaterlevels
consideringtheactivationofdeadstoragecapacity ,andamulti - leveloptimizationapproachwasproposedtoim
provetheeffectivenessofreservoirdrought - limitwaterlevelsinhandlingvariousdegreesofdrought ,particularly
multi - yearconsecutivedroughts.ThroughacasestudyoftheQingshanzuiReservoirinChuxiong ,YunnanProv
ince,thefeasibilityandrationalityofthisapproachindealingwithseveredroughtshasbeenverified.Theresults
showthatthelowdrought - limitwaterlevelscenarioreservedforonehydrologicalyearcaneffectivelyalleviatewater
shortagesduringdroughtyearsbyreservingwaterinadvance.Onthisbasis,byextendingthedroughtresponse
schedulingperiodandconsideringtheactivationofdeadstoragecapacity ,twooptimizedscenariosweresetup:one
reservingwaterfortwohydrologicalyearswithoututilizingdeadstoragecapacityandanotherdoingsowithitsutiliza
tion.Theresultsindicatethatthescenarioreservingwaterfortwoyearsandutilizingdeadstoragecapacityfurther
reduceswatershortagesandtheirperiodsacrosssectorsduringseveredrought.Comparedtothecurrentscheduling
situation ,thisoptimizedscenarioincreasesthewatersupplysecuritydegreeduringtypicalconsecutivelowflow
yearsfrom78.5% to94%,reducingtheimbalanceinmonthlywatersupplysecuritydegree.Themonthlywater
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shortagecanbereducedbyupto5millionm ,effectivelydecreasingirrecoverableseverewatershortages.This
studyprovidesanoptimizedapproachfordrought - limitwaterlevelsaimingtoenhancedrought - resistantabilityand
offersscientificbasisandtechnicalsupportfordecision - makinginseveredroughtdefense.
Keywords:drought - limitwaterlevel;drought;deadstoragecapacity;optimization;QingshanzuiReservoir
(责任编辑:韩 昆)
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