Page 126 - 2024年第55卷第12期
P. 126

Studyonmulti - leveloptimizationofreservoirdrought - limitwaterlevelsforextremedroughts

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                    WANGKun,YANZiqi,CHENGang,JIANGYunzhong,ZHOUZuhao,YANDenghua
                            (1.StateKeyLaboratoryofSimulationandRegulationofWaterCycleinRiverBasin,ChinaInstituteof
                                      WaterResourcesandHydropowerResearch ,Beijing 100038,China;
                      2.YunnanInstituteofWater&HydropowerEngineeringInvestigation,DesignandResearch,Kunming 650021,China)
                  Abstract:Thedrought - limitwaterlevel,asakeyindicatorfordroughtwarningandresponse,playsasignificant
                  roleinwaterresourcemanagement.Inlightofthechallengesthatthecurrentdrought - limitwaterlevelsisdifficult
                  toeffectivelycopewithmulti - yearconsecutiveandextremedroughts ,aswellastheunderutilizationofdeadstorage
                  capacityasanemergencywatersourcefordroughtresistance ,thisstudydividedthedrought - limitwaterlevelofthe
                  reservoirintofourdevelopmentalstages :“initialproposal - stagingandclassification - optimizationofcontrolperiod -
                  tappingpotentialtoincreasesupply”.A newmethodwasdevelopedtodeterminethedrought - limitwaterlevels
                  consideringtheactivationofdeadstoragecapacity ,andamulti - leveloptimizationapproachwasproposedtoim
                  provetheeffectivenessofreservoirdrought - limitwaterlevelsinhandlingvariousdegreesofdrought ,particularly
                  multi - yearconsecutivedroughts.ThroughacasestudyoftheQingshanzuiReservoirinChuxiong ,YunnanProv
                  ince,thefeasibilityandrationalityofthisapproachindealingwithseveredroughtshasbeenverified.Theresults
                  showthatthelowdrought - limitwaterlevelscenarioreservedforonehydrologicalyearcaneffectivelyalleviatewater
                  shortagesduringdroughtyearsbyreservingwaterinadvance.Onthisbasis,byextendingthedroughtresponse
                  schedulingperiodandconsideringtheactivationofdeadstoragecapacity ,twooptimizedscenariosweresetup:one
                  reservingwaterfortwohydrologicalyearswithoututilizingdeadstoragecapacityandanotherdoingsowithitsutiliza
                  tion.Theresultsindicatethatthescenarioreservingwaterfortwoyearsandutilizingdeadstoragecapacityfurther
                  reduceswatershortagesandtheirperiodsacrosssectorsduringseveredrought.Comparedtothecurrentscheduling
                  situation ,thisoptimizedscenarioincreasesthewatersupplysecuritydegreeduringtypicalconsecutivelowflow
                  yearsfrom78.5% to94%,reducingtheimbalanceinmonthlywatersupplysecuritydegree.Themonthlywater
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                  shortagecanbereducedbyupto5millionm ,effectivelydecreasingirrecoverableseverewatershortages.This
                  studyprovidesanoptimizedapproachfordrought - limitwaterlevelsaimingtoenhancedrought - resistantabilityand
                  offersscientificbasisandtechnicalsupportfordecision - makinginseveredroughtdefense.
                  Keywords:drought - limitwaterlevel;drought;deadstoragecapacity;optimization;QingshanzuiReservoir

                                                                                    (责任编辑:韩 昆)


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