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[31] LUOYY,CAOJW,WANGZW.Designandoptimizationofabidirectionalrim - generatorturbinerunner:Hy
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ResearchontherunnercharacteristicsofFrancis - turbineunderpower
generationtono - loadcondition
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MAOXiuli ,CHENXingkun,YINJinbu,GOUWentao ,LIUZhiming ,HEJunling
(1.CollegeofWaterResourcesandArchitecturalEngineering,NorthwestA&FUniversity,Yangling 712100,China;
2.KeyLaboratoryofAgriculturalSoilandWaterEngineeringinAridandSemiaridAreasofMinistryofEducation,
NorthwestA&FUniversity,Yangling 712100,China;
3.CollegeofBasicScienceandEngineering,WasedaUniversity,Tokyo 169 - 8555,Japan)
Abstract:Ashydropowerstationsgraduallyshifttoload - regulatedoperation,theincreaseintheoperatingtimeof
turbineintransitionalconditionswillseriouslyaffectrunnerperformance.Thispaperaimsatstudyingthefluid -
solidcouplingcorrelationcharacteristicsofrunner ,whereinSSTk - ωturbulencemodelandthefluid - solidcoupling
methodareappliedtosolvetheflowfieldandstructuralfield ,respectively.Theresultsshowthatthemainfrequen
ciesofpressurefluctuationintherunnerarepassfrequenciesofbladesandguidevanes ,aswellastheirmultiple
frequencies.Thepressurefluctuationfrequenciesofallmonitoringpointsintherunnerhavesimilaramplitudesat
30 fand60f,andtheamplituderangegraduallynarrowsastheguidevanesclose.Themainfrequenciesofvortex
n n
structuresare64 fand68fintherunner,whichpulsationenergyattenuatesalongthestreamlines.Thebladepas
n
n
sagevortexreachestherunneroutletat0.4 Q BEP ,thevortexvolumeintherunnerfirstincreasesandthendecreases
astheloadcontinuestoreduce.After0.4Q BEP ,theflowseparationphenomenononthepressuresurfaceattheinlet
ofrunnerintensifiesasthedecreaseof β (theabsolutevelocityangle),furtherhorseshoevortexwithhighturbulent
kineticenergyappearsintheflowchannels ,whichisaccompaniedwithflowaroundbladeoutlet.Thevortexcore
atrunneroutletstarttosplitatt = 7s(0.2Q BEP ),thenvorticesineachrunnerpassageform sheetsandblockthe
flowchannel.Inthestructuralfield ,theincreaseofequivalentstressatbladeinletiscausedbytheflowimpact
withsmaller β ,thehorseshoevorticesinrunnerchannelscorrespondtolongandnarrowzoneswithlowequivalent
stress.Theequivalentstress (4MPa)anddeformation(4.3 μ m)attherunneroutletarethemaximum,becauseof
dualeffectsfromvortexcoresplittingatrunneroutletandcavityvorticesinthestraightsectionofthedrafttube.
Lastbutnotleast ,itfoundsthattheequivalentstresshasalinearrelationshipwithtorqueandflowintheapproxi
matelyonethirdoftheareainfrontoftherunnerpassage,whereasitiscubicfunctionsinthelasttwothirdsofthe
runnerpath.Thedeformationisalsohasalinearrelationshipwithtorqueandflowintheload - dominatedarea ,
whileitisaquadraticfunctioninthereturn - dominatedarea.Theaboverelationshipsbetweenflowfieldandstruc
turefieldneedfurthervalidationinotherhydraulicmachinery,whichwillbethenextworkfortheauthors.
Keywords:Francis - turbine;runner;powergenerationtono - loadcondition;turbulentkineticenergy;vibration
mode
(责任编辑:王 婧)
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