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Studyonemptingrequirementsandfacilitydesignofhighdam reservoirs
2,3
1,3
2,3
ZHOUJianping ,DUXiaohu ,ZHOUXingbo
(1.POWERCHINALimited,Beijing 100048,China;2.ChinaRenewableEnergyEngineeringInstitute,Beijing 100120,China;
3.ResearchandDevelopmentCenterofNationalEnergyandHydropowerEngineeringTechnology,NEA,Beijing 100120,China)
Abstract:Thelargereservoirwithhighdamhasstrongregulatingcapability,whichplaysakeyroleintheriver
cascadedevelopment ,anddisasterpreventionandmitigation.However,theriskforthehighdamsalsoexistsob
jectively ,andoncethedam breaks,theconsequencesareunimaginable.Thecapabilityofreservoiremptyingor
drawdownwaterlevelisanewrequirementforthesafetymanagementofhighdamsbythenationalemergencyman
agementinthenewstageofsocioeconomicdevelopment.Thispaperputsforwardthedefinition,purposeandcate
goriesofreservoiremptying,systematicallystatestheevaluationindicatorsofreservoiremptyingcapacitysuchas
reservoiremptying ,emptyingwaterheadratio,emptyingwaterstorageratio,anddrawdownrateofwaterlevel
basedonprojectspractice,summarizestheemptyinganddrawdowndesignrequirementsofreservoirbothinChina
andabroad,andanalyzestheemptyingcapacityof25typicalreservoirswithhighdaminChina.Theresultsshow
that ,theemptyingwaterheadratioofhighdamandlargereservoirsrangesfrom17.5% to71.8%,withanaverage
valueof42.7%;theemptyingwaterstorageratiorangesfrom47.2% to99.2%,withanaveragevalueof81.7%;
theemptyingtimerangesfrom7.2to123d,withanaveragevalueof42.7d;Thedrawdownrateofreservoirwater
isbetween0.71and9.03m?d ,withanaveragevalueof3.0m?d.Itshowsthattheemptyingcapacityofhighdams
notonlymainlydependsondesignindicatorssuchastotalstoragecapacity,emptyingwaterlevel,anddam type
andsoon,isalsoaffectbyrivermorphology,valleyshape,andreservoirbasincharacteristics.Basedonthe
abovementioned ,thekeyissuesinthedesignofreservoirsemptyingfacilitiessuchasselectionofinflowwater,
determinationofemptyingindicators,start - upconditions,hierarchicaldecision - makingmodeareanalyzed.Ithas
certainreferencesignificanceforthedesignandemergencymanagementofreservoiremptyingfacilitiesinthefuture.
Keywords:highdamwithlargereservoir;drawdowncapabilityofreservoir;drawdownfacilities;riskprevention
andcontrol ;emergencymanagement
(责任编辑:于福亮)
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