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                              Analysis of phosphorus transport in the Three Gorges Reservoir



                                              WANG Dianchang,WU Xinghua
                                        (China Three Gorges Corporation,Beijing  100038,China)


                   Abstract: The Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) not only brings into the comprehensive benefits such as
                   flood control, power generation, and navigation, but also brings some ecological and environmental prob⁃
                   lems. Phosphorus (P) is an important nutrient in the aquatic ecosystem,and the operation of the reservoir
                   results in the retention of both sediment and sediment-associated P. Based on the measured discharge,sedi⁃
                   ment and P concentrations during 1997-2017, this study quantitatively analyzed the characteristics of P
                   transport in the TGR including the spatial-temporal distribution, flux change, and P interception rate
                  (PIR), to clarify the effects of reservoir operation on the P transport. Considering the dates for the initial
                   operation of TGR, Xiangjiaba Reservoir and Xiluodu Reservoir, the period of 1997-2017 was divided into
                   three periods of 1997-2002,2003-2012,and 2013-2017,which represented the pre-impoundment period,
                   the operation period of TGR, and that of upstream reservoirs, respectively. The results show that the PIR
                   in the TGR is mainly affected by the characteristics of P transport during the flood season. Based on the
                   monthly data of P concentration,if ignoring the inflow from the reservoir area,the interception rates of to⁃
                   tal P (TP) and dissolved P (DP) were 59.8% and 14.6% during 2003-2012,respectively. In 2013-2017,
                   the interception rates of TP and DP in the TGR decreased to 14.4% and -18.5%,respectively,due to the
                   significant decrease in the input sediment concentration of TGR and the enhanced point source pollution,
                   which increased the ratio of DP and TP and led to more P transporting to the downstream river. Sediment
                   plays important roles of source and sink in P transport,but the relationship between TP and sediment con⁃
                   centration varies in different sections and different periods.
                   Keywords:Three Gorges Reservoir;phosphorus transport;mass balance calculation

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