Page 57 - 2022年第53卷第3期

［ 20］ 王童，何海，吴志勇 . 近 30 年来窟野河流域土地利用与植被覆盖度变化分析［J］. 水电能源科学，2017，35
（11）：127-130 .
［ 21］ 刘晓燕，高云飞，党素珍，等 . 林草植被变化对流域产沙的影响规律及其阈值［J］. 水利学报，2020，51（5）
505-518 .
［ 22］ GAO P， LI P， ZHAO B . Use of double mass curves in hydrologic benefit evaluation［J］. Hydrology Process，
2017，31（26）：4639-4646 .
［ 23］ 李晓宇，刘晓燕，李焯 . 黄河主要产沙区近年降雨及下垫面变化对入黄沙量的影响［J］. 水利学报，2016，
47（10）：1253-1259 .
［ 24］ 刘晓燕，刘昌明，杨胜天，等 . 基于遥感的黄土高原林草植被变化对河川径流的影响分析［J］. 地理学报，
2014，69（11）：1595-1603 .
［ 25］ 程积民，井赵斌，金晶炜，等 . 黄土高原干干旱区退化草地恢复与利用过程研究［J］. 中国科学（生命科
学），2014，44（3）：267-279
［ 26］ 范立民，王国柱 . 萨拉乌苏组地下水及采煤影响与保护［J］. 采矿技术，2006，6（3）：422-428 .
［ 27］ 王双明，黄庆享，范立民，等 . 生态脆弱矿区含（ 隔）水层特征及保水开采分区研究［J］. 煤炭学报，2010，
35（1）：7-14 .
［ 28］ 吕新，王双明，杨泽元，等 . 神府东胜矿区煤炭开采对水资源的影响机制——以窟野河为例［J］. 煤田地质
与勘探，2014，42（2）：54-61 .

Analysis on the cause of sharp decrease of runoff and sediment
from Kuye River in Loess Plateau

3
2
1
LIU Xiaoyan ，LI Haobing ，LI Xiaoyu ，GAO Yunfei 4
（1. Yellow River Conservancy Commission，Zhengzhou 450003，China；
2. Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research，YRCC，Zhengzhou 450003，China；
3. Hydrology Bureau，YRCC，Zhengzhou 450002，China；
4. Upper and Middle Yellow River Bureau，YRCC，Xi’an 710021，China）

Abstract： The water and sediment quantity of the Kuye River have sharply decreased to 67% and 96%
separately since 2000. The Possible factors were investigated and studied， such as the change of the rela⁃
tionship between rain and water or sediment， sediment quantity intercepted by dams， water used by peo⁃
ple， the influence of the vegetation restoration and coal mining. It was revealed that poor rain has been
the major reason accounting for the water-sediment decrease from 1980 to 2011， and its contribution rate
from 1997 to 2011 were 25.3% on water and 51.2% on sediment. But rain have become a positive factor
because of the more rainfall quantity and higher intensity since 2012. Vegetation restoration has been the
main underlying factor accounting for water-sediment decrease， and its contribution were separately 66.7%
from 1997 to 2011 and 89.1% from 2012 to 2019，and also reduced the runoff production ability by 37%
and 58%. The extensively coal mining have caused the water cycle path change，he runoff confluence time
t
delay and the flood process flatten. During 1997 to 2011，the greatly increasing coal mining caused the run⁃
off into Yellow River decreased by 0.118 billion ton per year averagely， which means about 1 ton water
loss by each 1 ton coal production. But since 2012，the mine water confluence have even caused the run⁃
off increase gradually. The water consumption by human activity including mining production and others has
increased with the energy economy development， and its contribution rate to the river’s runoff decrease
was nearly 20% during recent 20 years. The Dam interception also was an important factor accounting for
the sediment decrease， but its contribution rate has become less and less， even less than 1.2% since
2012. If the vegetation could keep its present degree， the future runoff and sediment into Yellow River
would be maintained at its present level。
Keywords：Kuye River；runoff and sediment；vegetation；coal mining；decreased sharply

（责任编辑：耿庆斋）

— 305 —